The elements of crystallography have been introduced many years ago, perhaps already by the work of Kepler (1611) followed by e.g. Miller (indices of crystal planes), Hessel (32 point groups), Bravais (translation types), Fjodorov, Schoenflies (230 space group types) etc. Symmetry was always the crucial in the description.
Powder diffraction (PD) is used for structural and microstructural...
X-ray scattering and diffraction techniques are indispensable tools in modern materials research, providing complementary information on phase composition, crystal structure, microstructure, morphology, and defects over a broad range of length scales. Continuous advances in laboratory X-ray instrumentation, including high-brilliance X-ray sources, improved X-ray optics, and fast, low-noise...
Thin-film materials research is a highly interdisciplinary field of considerable importance for numerous technological applications. In addition to their chemical composition and electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, a thorough understanding of their structure and morphology is essential for fully exploiting their potential and optimizing fabrication processes. This short lecture...
Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis has become a powerful and widely used approach for investigating the local atomic structure of crystalline, nanostructured, and disordered materials beyond the limits of conventional crystallography. By combining total scattering experiments with real-space structural analysis, PDF methods provide direct insight into short-range order, local...
Metallic glasses (MGs) are an advance class of engineering alloys in which the atoms, mainly of metallic elements, are arranged disorderly without creating a crystalline structure. The lack of long-range ordering gives rise to various advantageous mechanical (high yield strength, hardness, large elastic limit…), chemical (corrosion and radiation resistance), electronic and/or magnetic (low...
Smaller, faster, more intense: The X-Ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL’s) are opening up areas of research that were previously inaccessible. Using the X-ray flashes of XFEL’s, scientists are able to map the atomic details of viruses, decipher the molecular composition of cells, take three-dimensional images of the nanoworld, film chemical reactions, and study processes such as those occurring...
The advent of the first X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), FLASH in 2004 and LCLS in 2009, may prove to be the most profound development since the invention of the laser and, equally, the synchrotron. Sharp improvements in a number of laser parameters, most notably intensity and pulse duration, support this expectation. This brings scientific dreams within reach. Indeed, the unprecedented...
Comprehensive knowledge of ultrafast out-of-equilibrium dynamics in materials is essential to identify the microscopic processes that govern their electronic, magnetic and structural properties. Controlling these processes with light may ultimately enable optically driven functional devices that exploit quantum coherence, collective excitations and transient states of matter.
Many of the...
Electrons move the world. They drive our electronic devices and every chemical reaction in nature. To understand and control electron motion, we have to catch it in the act—inside materials and at their interfaces. But electrons are hard to pin down for two opposite reasons: the mobile electrons at the Fermi level move at velocities of up to a few nm/fs, while the strongly bound electrons sit...
Research in the field of laser-driven inertial fusion (“laser fusion”) has gained significant momentum following the achievement of the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility, triggering substantial public and private investment worldwide, including in Germany.
Despite this progress, a detailed understanding of the complex physical processes along the...
The structural transformations a metal undergoes under intense excitation depend on both the heating rate and the deposited fluence. Femtosecond optical excitation reaches heating rates far beyond those of conventional methods, and how the lattice responds spans a continuum from gentle vibrations to complete structural reordering as the fluence increases. Capturing this full range in a single...
X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFELs) provide intense femtosecond X-ray pulses. The peak brightness is often high enough to destroy a sample with a single X-ray pulse. With their short pulse lengths, XFELs are optimal sources for studying ultra-fast processes started by optical laser pumping or by sample mixing. Additionally, high-repetition rate XFELs such as European XFEL or LCLS II require...
What is a twisted light, i.e. an X-ray beam carrying orbital angular momentum? Can the “twist” of a light beam move atoms inside a crystal like it can optically tweeze nano-particles [1]? We explore this question in GeTe, a simple ferroelectric in which tiny displacements of Ge and Te atoms determine the direction of the electric polarization [2]. Instead of applying a conventional voltage,...
Future inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactors will require materials capable of surviving repeated exposure to intense X-ray radiation, energetic particles, and debris generated during target implosions. Understanding how these extreme conditions affect reactor materials is essential for the development of reliable fusion power plants.
This contribution presents laboratory and computational...
In my presentation, I will shortly summarize the main outputs of HE EIC project MHz tomoscopy [1] yielding not only the working prototype of apparatus at EuXFEL, but also already interesting examples of applications attracting new user community.
One of the bottlenecks on road to full use of MHz tomoscopy is proper reconstruction of rapid dynamics having only limited number of projections...
The Bacillus subtilis spore coat is an outermost proteinaceous layer that protects spores against a variety of threats, including toxic chemicals and lytic enzymes, as well as predation by unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes. The coat, organised into two major morphologically distinct layers, the outer and inner coats, is composed of at least 70 proteins. The coat assembly process...
A brief overview of ion emission results obtained in interaction experiments performed with short-wavelength laser pulses of a duration ranging from tens of femtoseconds to tens of nanoseconds will be presented. We compare the basic characteristics of ion emission generated by ultrashort pulses delivered by soft x-ray (FLASH2) and x-ray (European XFEL) free-electron lasers. For further...
Research infrastructures are key players in addressing global societal challenges and strengthening Europe’s scientific and technological capabilities. At the same time, the world in which they operate has changed significantly. Geopolitical developments, increasing competition for technologies and critical resources, environmental challenges and changing expectations towards the impact of...
PDFgui is a user-friendly graphical interface built on the PDFfit2 small-box modeling engine for the refinement of neutron and X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) data, enabling the extraction of nanoscale structural information from complex materials. By streamlining the setup, execution, and visualization of PDF refinements, PDFgui provides an accessible environment for organizing fits,...
The comprehensive Endurance upgrade programme was completed in 2024. With a budget of 50+ M€, about 30 projects have been delivered, including neutron guide systems, new and upgraded instruments, sample environment and data and software services. More intense neutron beams combined with more efficient detector systems provide major new capability for measuring ever smaller samples, including...
In this talk, I will show some recent studies performed at the ISIS neutron and muon source covering a wide range of domains such as quantum materials, location of guest molecules within zeolites and metal organic frameworks, battery materials, geology, engineering applications and archeometry. In the process, we will highlight which neutron characteristics make these measurements unique and...
The popularity of small-angle scattering for the study of biologically relevant materials stems from the fact that it provides detailed information on the size, shape, and conformation of molecular assemblies in solutions. Unilamellar vesicles formed by phospholipids serve as models of biological membranes and drug carriers. SANS data treated by using the vesicle model provide information...
Slovak research community proves continuously a deep interest and high-quality results in condensed matter studies including investigations in both hard and soft matter applications. Scientific research in these areas have always correlated closely with the developments of large-scale scientific infrastructure. The peculiar properties of neutrons, power of synchrotrons, innovations in optical...
Lipid compositional asymmetry across the leaflets of the plasma membrane is a ubiquitous feature in eukaryotic cells. How this asymmetry is attained is thought to be through the sidedness of lipid biosynthesis as well as through active transport of lipids across the membrane. This strategy is helped by the slow diffusion of long tail phospholipids and sphingolipids through the lipid bilayer...
The neutron source Institut Laue Langevin in Grenoble, France, maintains a comprehensive range of spectroscopy instruments, designed and optimised specifically for the study of dynamic processes in condensed matter. As a quantum mechanical particle possessing a magnetic moment, the neutron not only allows the observation of mass fluctuations (vibrational excitations, phonons) and mass...
Since decades the neutron and, more recently, Xray spectroscopies have been standard workhorses for investigations of condensed matter dynamics at atomic resolution. Nevertheless, the inherently weak interaction of both probes with matter, accompanied by the tiny flux densities of neutron beams and by the huge Xray photon energy as compared to the energy scale of elementary excitations in...
The lecture gives an overview of the research with neutrons at the Budapest Neutron Centre, describing techniques and instruments for neutron scattering, imaging and elemental analysis with neutrons.
Examples of applications of neutron scattering methods in various fields of materials science and cultural heritage science, carried out at BNC, are briefly presented. Future plans for upgrade...
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful probe of nanoscale structure, but its full potential in magnetism is unlocked when the incident beam is polarized. This lecture introduces the physical foundations and practical implementation of polarized SANS, demonstrating how the technique provides access to information hidden from other characterization methods. SANS probes real-space...
Magnetic core-shell nanoparticles have emerged as highly versatile materials with a wide range of applications spanning biomedicine, catalysis, and sensor technologies. In biomedical fields, the magnetic core responds to external magnetic fields, enabling targeted drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia, and efficient magnetic separation. To ensure biocompatibility, the magnetic core is typically...
Particle accelerators are indispensable tools in both scientific research and various practical applications. They are designed to increase the kinetic energy of charged particles such as electrons, protons, and ions, enabling investigations ranging from fundamental studies of matter to industrial and medical applications.
This lecture introduces the basic principles of charged particle...
The talk is intended as a first information on synchrotron radiation for beginners. I will present the basics of generation of synchrotron radiation with the emphasis to its physical properties (energy spectrum, time structure, polarization, coherence).In the second part I bring basic information on insertion devices (wigglers, undulators) and on optical elements (monochromators, filters,...
Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) are a promising class of materials for high-frequency magnetic components in power electronics applications, including electric vehicle on-board chargers, DC-DC converters, and grid-tied inverters. Accomplishing higher operating frequencies than laminated steels and higher saturation flux density than common ferrites, SMCs consist of electrically insulated...
Hard carbon is a promising alternative anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its low cost, structural stability, and ability to store Li$^+$ ions. However, its electrochemical performance is strongly affected by carbonisation temperature, precursor type, surface chemistry, and the presence of heteroatom dopants. This work compares literature-reported hard carbon materials prepared...
Hot Jupiters are a unique group of planets that cannot be found in our Solar system. They are placed closer than 0.1 AU from their parent stars, which often results in transits that can be detected by photometric observations. Interiors of hot stars are able to conserve their angular momentum for longer time, keeping rotational velocities high for whole lifetime. If there is a planet orbiting...
Monodisperse CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles with an average core size of approximately 9 nm were synthesized by thermal decomposition and surface-engineered for magnetic particle hyperthermia. Polyacrylic acid (PAA) coating was employed to improve aqueous dispersibility and provide reactive groups for subsequent covalent attachment of lysine, tryptophan, and elastin via EDC/NHS coupling. The resulting...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that provides high-resolution images of internal tissues based on nuclear magnetic resonance. It relies on the interaction between hydrogen nuclei and an external magnetic field to generate contrast between different biological structures. Contrast agents are often used in MRI to enhance image quality and improve...
High-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and $^{57}$Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy were combined to resolve the phase evolution and local magnetic environments in mechanically alloyed Fe$_{73.5-x}$Mn$_{x}$Cu$_{1}$Nb$_{3}$Si$_{13.5}$B$_{9}$ with ($x$ = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 at.%) powders. Elemental mixtures were dry-milled for 30 h in a RETSCH PM400 planetary ball mill at 250 rpm using a ball-to-powder...
Demultiplexers are the fundamental primitives of network architecture, enabling perfect routing of an input classical signal to a designated one, among multiple output ports. Quantum transmission lines, having access to the quantum systems directly, are able to transmit both the classical and quantum information encoded in quantum systems. A natural question therefore emerges that whether the...
Medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) are multi-principal element systems in near-equimolar ratios (5 – 35 at. %) that provide a versatile platform for the development of solid-state hydrogen storage materials. In particular, alloys with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure are attractive due to their high density of interstitial sites available for hydrogen accommodation. This study investigates a...
High-entropy alloys based on Ti, V, Nb, Cr and Mn have attracted interest as potential hydrogen storage materials due to the possibility of tailoring their structural and hydrogen sorption properties through compositional and processing modifications. In this study, the phase composition, microstructure and hydrogen absorption behaviour of TiVNbCrMn and TiVNbCrMnFe alloys prepared by arc...
High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are materials in which five or more cations share a common crystallographic lattice that is stabilized by high configurational disorder [1]. The presence of multiple principal elements allows their deliberate selection, thus tuning or fundamentally altering the properties of the compound. Despite often crystallizing in simple average structures, HEOs exhibit...
Within the MASS-PRAM project, a new Anton Paar XRDynamic 500 X-ray diffractometer was acquired at the Institute of Physics, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice for the structural characterization of various materials. The instrument operates with Cu-K$\alpha$ radiation and allows goniometer configurations with radii of 360 mm and 400 mm.
The performance of the diffractometer was...
Low-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets provide an ideal platform for studying topological magnetic phases, including a magnetic Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) transition. The previously well-studied metal-organic complex Cu(pm)(ea)$_2$ (pm = pyromellitic acid anion, [C$_6$H$_2$(COO)$_4$]$^{4-}$; ea = ethylamine cation, [C$_2$H$_5$NH$_3$]$^+$) represents a...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) employs multiple viral glycoproteins to regulate cell entry, intracellular trafficking and immune evasion. The immunomodulatory glycoprotein UL141 interacts with the viral envelope glycoprotein gH and the cellular death receptor TRAIL-R2. However, the structural basis of these interactions and their potential modulation by synthetic ligands remain poorly...
NanoLuc, a superior β-barrel fold luciferase, was engineered 10 years ago but the nature of its catalysis remains puzzling. Here experimental and computational techniques are combined, revealing that imidazopyrazinone luciferins bind to an intra-barrel catalytic site but also to an allosteric site shaped on the enzyme surface. Structurally, binding to the allosteric site prevents simultaneous...
Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys are composed of a metallic matrix (typically bcc or fcc) containing a uniform distribution of nanoscale oxide particles. These alloys generally exhibit strong mechanical performance, retaining high strength even at elevated temperatures reaching 800°C. In addition, the nanoscale precipitates function as trapping sites for defects generated by...
Type II spicules often fade rapidly from cool chromospheric lines, commonly interpreted as their heating to transition-region temperatures. Here, we test whether apparent fading can also arise from a primarily kinematic visibility effect. Using high-resolution 2.5D ideal-MHD simulations, we show that transverse oscillations of a super-Alfvénic magnetized jet trigger the Kelvin–Helmholtz...
Topological material $ZrTe_{5}$ exhibits a pronounced resistivity anomaly and a sequence of temperature-dependent electronic reconstructions whose microscopic origin remains under active debate [1,2].
Here, we present a symmetry-resolved Raman scattering study of $ZrTe_{5}$ single crystals in the ac plane over the temperature range 40-300 K. All symmetry-allowed Raman active phonons...
The sustainable transformation of industrial sectors and metallurgy is closely linked to the implementation of hydrogen technologies. However, the efficient operation of hydrogen technological systems (such as electrolyzers and fuel cells) relies on secondary energy storage systems capable of balancing dynamic power surges. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) integrated into these hybrid hydrogen...
Cometary dust provides a unique record of the primitive material from which the Solar System formed. Observations of the brightness, color, and polarization of cometary comae can be used to constrain the physical and compositional properties of their dust particles. Comet C/2012 S1 (ISON) was classified as a dynamically new comet arriving from the Oort Cloud on a near-parabolic orbit and was...
The subspace-search variational quantum eigensolver (SSVQE) algorithm is used on various atomic clusters of Be, B and C atoms to find their ground state and 1st excited state energy values. Various approximations such as active space and freeze core have been used to reduce the quantum qubit in the computation. The approximations affect the energy values for quantum mechanically big clusters...
Understanding structure–property relationships in advanced materials requires complementary experimental techniques capable of probing structural organization across different length scales. The newly established MASS-PRAM laboratory at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice is being developed as a multimodal X-ray characterization platform integrating X-ray diffraction, X-ray scattering,...
HKUST-1 is a Cu(II)-based metal–organic framework constructed from copper paddlewheel units interconnected by benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate linkers [1]. Its high porosity and accessible coordinatively unsaturated Cu(II) sites support applications in adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, environmental remediation, and biological or biomedical systems. However, its pronounced affinity toward water...
Urea-based cationic gemini surfactants with polymethylene spacers containing 2 to 10 methylene units were investigated with respect to their micellization behavior and their role as pore-forming agents in the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Micellar structures were characterized using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with various form-factor of core–shell and homogeneous...
Iron-based alloy systems Fe–(Al, Ga)–(P, C, B) rank among the softest magnetic materials obtained through controlled annealing (Hc ≈ 1.3 A/m annealed at 713 K ≈ 0.97Tg) to relieve internal stresses, i.e., after optimum relaxation of the amorphous structure. Low coercivity stems from the suppression of the formation of crystal nuclei of the iron and iron-metalloid compounds. High phosphorus (P)...
Cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles belong to the family of spinel ferrites whose structural properties are strongly influenced by particle size, morphology, and synthesis conditions. A detailed understanding of their crystal structure is therefore important for establishing relationships between synthesis, morphology, and the resulting material properties.
In this work, CoFe₂O₄...
Manganese telluride (MnTe) is a prototypical antiferromagnet with a spin-polarised electronic structure, recently classified as an altermagnet, with a critical temperature T_C≈310 K. In this work, we investigate the structural changes associated with magnetic moment reorientation in the altermagnetic phase using high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD). Temperature-dependent diffraction...
GdMnO3 came to the attention of the scientists due to the discovery of multiferroicity in this compound. It crystallizes in the orthorhombically distorted perovskite structure; space group 𝑃𝑛𝑚𝑎; Gd ions are located on 4𝑐; Mn ions on 4𝑏 and oxygen anions are located on 4𝑐 and 8𝑑 crystallographic sites. The compound orders into antiferromagnetic phase below 𝑇N ~ 40 K [1] and then undergoes...
A key yet unresolved question of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies is the mechanism of the transition from the unstructured monomeric tau protein to the insoluble filaments. In the physiological state, tau protein exists as a conformational ensemble of interconverting structures and on the scale of transition from monomeric through oligomeric and filamentous...
Previous studies [1] of $Cu(tn)Cl₂$ $(tn=C_3 H_{10} N_2)$ proved that the system is an excellent realization of a spin-1/2 two-dimensional (2D) quantum magnet. While previous work was unable to specify the type of 2D magnetic lattice, re-analysis of the thermodynamics data within the current theories suggests realization of a spatially anisotropic square lattice (SASL) with $R=J_1/J_2≈0.5$ and...
The determination of stellar and orbital parameters in massive binaries is often complicated by phase-dependent variability in the line profiles. Classical spectral disentangling represents time-series spectra as contributions from Doppler-shifted, phase-invariant components [1, 2]. However, this approximation can be inadequate in systems affected by tidal deformation, gravity darkening,...
Co-based amorphous alloys combine high strength, favorable magnetic properties and chemical stability. Co–Fe–Ta–B alloys show excellent glass-forming ability and a supercooled liquid region near 70 K [1], with compressive yield strength exceeding 5000 MPa [2]. Their potential is also enhanced by high magnetic permeability, nearly zero magnetostriction and coercivity as low as 0.25 A/m [3]....
Thrombotic disorders remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, while conventional antithrombotic therapy is limited by systemic drug exposure and associated bleeding risks. Magnetic drug delivery systems offer a strategy for increasing the local concentration of therapeutic agents at a thrombotic site through external magnetic guidance. In this work, Fe3O4@SiO2-based...
Radiotherapy delivered at ultra-high dose-rates (UHDR,> 40 Gy/s) can preserve tumour-control efficacy while reducing normal-tissue toxicity, a phenomenon known as the FLASH effect. Despite intense research efforts, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood and the conditions required for the occurrence of the FLASH effect are still under debate. Recent studies suggest that not only...
Recent interest in ultra-high-dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation and FLASH radiotherapy has stimulated the development of experimental platforms capable of delivering radiation under increasingly extreme temporal conditions. Short-wavelength photon sources are particularly attractive because they combine highly localized energy deposition with pulse structures spanning from nanoseconds to...
Fast, reversible, and low-power manipulation of the spin texture is crucial for next generation spintronic devices like non-volatile bipolar memories, switchable spin current injectors or spin field effect transistors. Ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors (FERSC) are the ideal class of materials for the realization of such devices. Their ferroelectric character enables an electronic control of...
Tungsten(VI) oxide (WO$_{3}$) is widely studied for photochromic and solar-energy-related applications, where its functional properties are strongly connected with changes in electronic structure and local atomic arrangement [1]. In nanocrystalline WO$_{3}$, the local structure can be sensitive not only to chemical modification, such as protonation, but also to synchrotron X-ray exposure...
No, this tutorial is not about what you think! Playing on the famous 1969 book title [1], this session is an almost math-free, highly intuitive guide to Synchrotron Experiments with X-rays (S.E.X), inspired by the legendary 1995 paper by Prof. Giorgio Margaritondo on Synchrotron Emission of X-rays [2]. Think of a synchrotron light source as the ultimate scientific multi-tool for S.E.X....
X-ray tomographic micro and nanoimaging at synchrotrons is a versative method to study materials and biological samples. In my lecture, i will highlight the newest advances in terms of spatial and temporal resolution with spetial emphasis on imaging complex biological systems in 3D at the micro and nanoscale.
The SOLARIS synchrotron in Kraków is a third-generation light source operating in the medium electron energy range. The first synchrotron light at SOLARIS was observed in 2016, while the first user experiments were performed in 2018. Since then, SOLARIS has continuously expanded its activities by developing new beamlines and experimental end-stations and by providing complementary research...
Despite the high potency of modern antivirals, their clinical efficacy is limited by low stability, solubility and bioavailability. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (DDS) provide a possible solution. Depending on the lipophilicity of the drug, the saturation capacity of a lipid bilayer is 0.05 – 0.2 drug-to-lipid molar ratio (mol/mol). Exceeding these limits leads to lateral separation of the...
The Sun is a star full of charged particles (ions and electrons) everywhere and, as such, behaves as a plasma. The interior and the outer part of its atmosphere (the corona, largely extending into the interplanetary medium) is fully ionized, void of neutral particles. Contrarily, the deeper layers of the solar atmosphere (photosphere and chromosphere) are partly ionized, in which the abundance...
EST is the future major infrastructure for ground-based solar physics in Europe. EST will be built in the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) and is expected to start operations in the next decade. The project is devised to study the solar magnetism of the deepest layers of the solar atmosphere with high spatial, temporal, spectral and polarimetric accuracies, to record how magnetic...
The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a next generation large-aperture (4 meters) solar telescope which will revolutionize observations of our Sun. This will be achieved through the unique and novel post-focus instrumentation. The acquired data will contribute not only to fundamental solar astrophysics research, but will also address and answer questions of direct societal impact, e.g.,...
Realistic simulations of the solar upper convection zone and its atmospheric layers have become essential tools for unraveling complex magnetohydrodynamic processes in the Sun and complementing observational studies. These simulations also serve as laboratories for testing new ideas. One such idea involves incorporating partial ionization and other non-ideal effects - such as ambipolar...
The beamline for advanced dichroism experiments (BLADE) is a soft x-ray beamline at the UK synchrotron facility Diamond light source. It delivers soft x-ray beam in the energy range from 0.4 to 1.6 keV. This energy range is optimized for the dipolar transitions of 3d transition metals (L$_{2,3}$ edges) and rare earth elements (M$_{4,5}$ edges). So the absorption effect benefits from a strong...
The interpretation of solar observations relies critically on our ability to understand how radiation is formed and modified as it propagates through the solar atmosphere. Radiative transfer provides the fundamental framework that connects the physical properties of the plasma such as temperature, velocity, and magnetic field with the observed spectral profiles.
The basic principles of...
The emergence of highly resistant bacterial strains poses a major threat to patients, driven by extensive global use of antibiotics. In pulmonary infections, antibiotics are widely used, making bacterial resistance a serious risk. Cathelicidins (CATH) are antimicrobial peptides of the innate immune system in various organisms, including humans. CATHs act by interacting with negatively charged...
The main objective of this work is to analyze the structural properties of cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles using the Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) technique, which involves neutron scattering at small angles, and to subsequently model and fit the experimental data. A key part of the research was carried out in September 2025 at the Institut Laue–Langevin (ILL) research center in...
Reliable extraction of microstructural information from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data requires accurate separation of instrumental broadening from the intrinsic sample response. In this work, we present an iterative forward-convolution method optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) to recover intrinsic diffraction line profiles from measurements acquired in transmission geometry with a...
Fe-based amorphous ribbons can acquire tailored magnetic anisotropy when crystallization occurs under applied tensile stress. However, the accompanying structural evolution and its relationship to stress-induced anisotropy are not yet fully understood. Here, the crystallization behaviour of VITROPERM 800 was investigated in real time using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Amorphous...
X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRD-CT) combines the structural sensitivity of diffraction measurements with the spatial resolution of tomography, enabling the non-destructive mapping of crystalline phases and microstructural properties within heterogeneous materials. This talk will provide an overview of XRD-CT methodology and its implementation at the I12-JEEP beamline, with emphasis...
